The Alphabetary Heraldic
Genealogical Glossary
—T—
.Test. : Testamentum : last will and testament. Affixing periods to the beginning and ending of a suspension was an especially old convention for showing an abbreviation to be a suspension.
T : [Ogham Q-Celtic] teilmon.[1]
-t : -te : [Gk] he who.
t. : test. : testigo : [Sp] witness.
t. : testament; tempore; tomus.
T.A. : Territorial Army
t.d.c. : titre de courtoise : courtesy title.
T.H. : Territory of Hawaii.
t.p. : title page.
t.p.m. : title page mutilated or missing.
t.p.w. : title page wanting.
tá siad i n-ó amháin : [Ir] first cousins. Literally the expression means, ‘they are in the one grandsonship.’[2] Cf. tríumhadh glúin.
tabard : tabardum : a short gown, a herald’s coat; a loose and wide-sleeved surcoat, richly embroidered on the front, back, and sleeves.
tabarder : one who wears a tabard.
Tabatulabal shaman : a handsome boy chosen by his parents or another shaman to be made a transvestite shamen.
tabby : varied with different colors.
tabes : wasting away, decay, melting, consumption, tuberculosis. Disease, plague, pestilence, corruption, moral decay. Cf. phthisis.
table : the persons sitting at a table and enjoying entertainment; the fare or entertainment provided at a table.
table : spreadsheet; a diagrammatic presentation of data, neatly ordering into columns or categories, and rows or line-item index entries. Cf. index.
table row : a horizontal line-item in a table. Cf. index entry, record.
tabula : table, map.
tabula : board, tablet; mensa.
tabula : table, a piece of furniture.
tabula : meal; cena, victus.
tabula : index.
tabulæ : maps, tables, registers, archives.
tabulæ dotales : register of dowries.
tabulæ dotis : dowry register, a schedule or inventory of gifts and properties given to a bride when she marries. Cf. bridal register.
tabulæ matrimoniales : register of matrimonies, which included liberorum procreandorum causa.
tabulæ nuptiales : register of marriages.
tabulary: tabularium.
tabularium : archive, registration office; repository of registers; tabulary.
taces : tassets.
tach- : [Gk] speed.
tachy- : [Gk] swift.
tachygraphy : swift writing. Cf. shortwriting.
tact- : tang- : ting- : to touch.
tact- : tax- : [Gk] to arrange, put in order.
tactics: the act of arranging men in the battlefield.
tad : [We] father.
tad-cu : [We] grandfather.
taffeta : [1592] Taffeta was valued at 12s 6d per yard around 1592.
Tag : [Gm] day.
Tagalog : Filipino, the major native language of the Philippines. Filipino conversation and writing tends to feature vocabulary items from Spanish, American English, Chinese, and Japanese.
taglines : postal and email addresses, phone and fax numbers, and Web sites listed at the end of an email message, to provide the reader with directions for replying and searching.
Tahitian lesbian: vahina pa’i’a.
Tai Pei : [ad 960-1279 Ch Sóng] : northern foreigners. Asian peoples have migrated southward for some 3,000 years, pushing into Indochina and the Pacific. As the Chinese considered southerners as colonials, they spoke of only northern and western people as being foreigners. Cf. Kwan Hsi.
taid : [We] PaFa; grandfather.
tailage : toll, tax; a share of a man’s subsistence as derived from payment of tribute.
Tailhook scandal : [1991] During an annual assembly of U.S. Navy and Marine Corp. aviation officers, a group of drunken men subjected 83 women and 7 men to sexual assault, harrassment and hazing in the hallways of a hotel. The incident led to legal actions and resignations, but it illustrated the patristic sexism that continues to disrupt the effort to have mixed sexes serve together in the military.
taille : [Fr] fee in tail, a portion of a fee which the first giver cut off or subdivided from a larger fee. Because such a fee in tail has been subdivided, the possesser cannot freely dispose of the land, but is subject to the disposition of the larger fee. Opp. fee simple.
tailor : tailleur : [Fr] one who makes clothes.
tailor-made bodice and a pair of sleeves : [1592] apparel for a woman, valued at 6s 7d about 1592.[3]
tailor-made suit : [1592] a man’s suit of clothes, valued at 18s around 1592.[4]
tain- : ten- : tent- : tin- : to hold.
take : to receive into possession; to assume ownership, to seize, lay hold of. Cf. succession.
talbot : hound, a kind of hunting dog between a hound and beagle; an ensign of the Talbot family.
tale : story, narrative.
tallage : taillage : [Fr] impost, excise.
tama : [Melanesian] Fa, FaBr; a male of the first ascending generation on the father’s side.[5] Cf. generational terminology.
Tamar : SoWi=Wi=Ct & HuFa=Ct : the childless widow who posed as a harlot by the roadside, so she could seduce her father-in-law, and thereby obtain the seed of her deceased husband’s family.
Tang : [Ch] a Chinese surname. John Adam Schaal adopted Tang as his surname, and was known as Tang Juo Wang.[6]
tang : [Ch] hall. The word often appears as a suffix in the name of a family association. Cf. family association, tong.
tāng : t’ang : [Ch] hall; paternal collaterals.
tang- : tact- : ting- : to touch.
tángbiăobófù : [Ch] FaFaFaSiSoSo(e); elder paternal second cousin once removed, elder magnaamital nepotin.
tángbiăodì : [Ch] FaFaSiSoSo(y); younger male second cousin, younger magnamitin.
tángbiăogūmŭ : [Ch] FaFaFaSiSoSo(e)Wi, FaFaFaSiSoSo(y)Wi; wife of elder or younger paternal second cousin once removed, elder or younger magnamital nepotin’s wife.
tángbiăomèi : [Ch] FaFaSiSoDa(y); younger female second cousin, younger magnamitine.
tángbiăoshūfù : [Ch] FaFaFaSiSoSo(y); younger paternal second cousin once removed, younger magnamital nepotin.
tángbiăoxiōng : [Ch] FaFaSiSoSo(e); elder male second cousin, elder magnamitin.
tángbiăozhí : [Ch] FaFaSiSoSoSo; second cousin once removed, magnamital nepotin.
tángbiăozhínŭ : [Ch] FaFaSiSoSoDa; second cousin once removed, magnamital neptine.
tángbiăozĭ : [Ch] FaFaSiSoDa(e); elder female second cousin, elder magnamitine.
tángbófù : [Ch] FaFaBrSo(e); elder paternal first cousin once removed, elder patruel nepotin
tángbózŭfù : [Ch] FaFaFaBrSo(e); elder first cousin twice removed, elder patruel magnanepotin.
tāngdì : [Ch] FaBrSo(y); younger male first cousin, younger patruelin.
tánggūmŭ : [Ch] FaFaBrSo(e)Wi, FaFaBrSo(y)Wi : wife of elder or younger paternal first cousin once removed, elder or younger patruel nepotin’s wife.
tánggūzŭmŭ : [Ch] FaFaFaBrSo(e)Wi, FaFaFaBrSo(y)Wi : wife of elder or younger first cousin twice removed, elder or younger patruel magnanepotin’s wife.
tāngmèi : [Ch] FaBrDa(y); younger female first cousin, younger patrueline.
tango : to touch, caress.
tángshūfù : [Ch] FaFaBrSo(y); younger paternal first cousin once removed, younger patruel nepotin.
tángshūzŭfù : [Ch] FaFaFaBrSo(y); younger first cousin twice removed, younger patruel magnanepotin.
tāngxiōng : [Ch] FaBrSo(e); elder male first cousin, elder patruelin.
tángzhí : [Ch] FaBrSoSo; first cousin once removed, patruel nepotin.
tángzhínŭ : [Ch] FaBrSoDa; first cousin once removed, patruel neptine.
tángzhísūn : [Ch] FaBrSoSoSo; first cousin twice removed, patruel pronepotin.
tángzhísūnnŭ : [Ch] FaBrSoSoDa; first cousin twice removed, patruel proneptine.
tāngzĭ : [Ch] FaBrDa(e); elder female first cousin, elder patrueline.
tanist : [En] captain, governor.
tanistry : a succession by inheritance and election.
tanner : one who tans leather.
tante : [Dn, Du, Fr, Nw] PaSi; aunt.
Tante : [Gm] PaSi; aunt.
tantum vixit diebus : so far living today.[7]
Taoist goddess : Sheng Mu.
Taoist name : a religious name adopted by a Taoist novitiate. Taoist priests divide themselves into two categories, (1) married, and (2) celibate. Thus, a Taoist surname can sometimes be used to map blood relationships, but can sometimes signify succession with no blood relationships whatsoever.
tapette : la tapette : [Fr] the wallpaper; Nellie, a shallow and effeminate homosexual.
taph- : [Gk] tomb.
tartan : a cloth woven with dyed wool to show a distinctive checkered pattern of crossing bars. Scottish highlanders adopted the tartan as a heraldic form of dress, worn mainly as a kilt, or short skirt, and shoulder sash, and sometimes fashioned it into hats, ties, and other items. Each tartan design is unique to a clan, and its use may signify either the principal clan name, or any of the surnames associated with the clan. The Lord Lyon of Scotland is the official in charge of licensing and regulating the use of a tartan, because it is a formal part of a man’s heraldic achievement. Although the tartan was once a typical highland Scots form of dress, its heraldic use has spread to lowlanders as well, and its popular use as a decorative style may be seen in clothing around the world. Among the Chinese, tartan patterns have become so fashionable that a single individual is likely to sport two or more patterns at once, plaid-upon-plaid, in a gauche and inappropriate display.
-tas : -tatis : -ty : quality, state, condition.
tas asymphyeis androgynous koinonias : [Gk] androgynous unions.[8]
tas katopin eynas : [Gk] coitus from the rear.
task : negotium, business.
task : opus, work.
task : pensum, a specific petty job or operation, literally a measure of wool for spinning in one day. A spinster takes her allotment of wool, places it on a distaff, and draws it onto the spinning wheel. Cf. calendar subdivision, constitutum, appointment, event, meeting.
task : tasche [Fr] : tassa [It] : business, employment; something to be done, such as answering a letter, or performing some duty imposed by another.
tasker : taskmaster : operis exactor, one who imposes tasks on others.
tassets : [1500] taces, steel hip-bands for a suit of armor.
tatarabuela : [Sp] FaFaFaMo; great-great-grandmother, second-great-grandmother, grandmother of the 4th degree.
tatarabuelo : [Sp] FaFaFaMo; great-great-grandfather, second-great-grandfather, grandfather of the 4th degree.
täti : [Fi] PaSi; aunt.
ta-tsung : [Ch] hereditary line of descent. Cf. eldest son, sons.
tattoo : the tattoo was a token of maternal nobility in Thrace.[9]
Tauropolos : Great Mother of the Thermodon Amazons, equivalent to Cybele. Cf. Cybele.
Taurus : _ : the Bull.
Taurus the Bull : 21 April to 21 May.
taut- : [Gk] the same.
tautology : the needless repetition of identical words; the redundant presentation of the same ideas.
tavanau : [Otaheite] the tribal chief among Tahitians. Cf. mahu.
tavern : taberna : a house where wine is served and drinkers are entertained.
taverner : one who keeps a tavern.
tax : impost, excise, tallage, charge; a tribute imposed.
tax- : tact- : [Gk] to arrange, put in order.
tax on homosexual prostitution : Augustan Rome taxed homosexual prostitution, and provided a legal holiday for boy prostitutes.[10] Anastasius abolished the tax.[11]
taxation : tax, impost.
taxonomic classification : Cf. classification.
T-cell : T-lymphocite : a small white cell produced in the thymus that becomes essential for immune responses mediated by cells. The three major types of T-cells are T-helper (CD4), T-suppressor (CD8), and T-killer or cytotoxic T-lymphocites (CTL). Cf. B-cell.
-te : -t : [Gk] he who.
Te deum : a hymn of the church, named after the first two words in Latin.
tea : [4 o’clock p.m.] the traditional time at which the British take tea and cakes or crumpets as a snack in the late afternoon. Teas used to be held between a large dinner at noon and a light supper at sunset, but today teas are served between our modern lunch and dinner. Cf. dinner, supper.
tea and bread and tea : Cf. bread and drink.
teacher : preceptor, instructor.
teat : [Sx] dug, pap; tit; the nipple or protrusion through which the young draw milk from the udder or breast of an animal.
techn- : [Gk] art, skill, craft.
technoërotic : [Gk] para physein [Gk], beyond the physical; sentience and sensuality blended with earthly events, but based upon all the artistic, scientific, and social inventions having a heavenly nature. The Vulgate translator of the Bible provided the world with a radical perversion of the Greek phrase para physein: contra naturem ‘against nature.’ The Greek text of the Bible said nothing meaning ‘against’ and stated instead that this technoërotic or man-made love happened to be para physein ‘beyond nature.’ Cf. Aphrodite Urania. Opp. physicoërotic.
technonymy : teknonymy.
tectum : house, abode, dwelling.
teens : youthful adolescence, the years of age reckoned by the suffix -teen, including thirteen and fourteen, through nineteen.
teknonymy : the substitution of kin terms for proper names; calling family members by terms relative to oneself. This word is peculiar to anthropologists, and was coined by Tylor to specifically describe the practice of calling a person by the name of his or her child, or by the name given to him or her by the child. For example, when a person refers to another as the father, mother, grandfather, or grandmother of someone, instead of using the other’s own name, he is applying a teknonym for the other, rather than a personal name.[12] Students and writers tend to misunderstand the restrictive use of this word, and often expand its meaning to include several varieties of kin-term usage. Cf. term of address, term of reference.
tele- : [Gk] afar, operating at a distance.
television : TV : [1926] the electrical transmission of motion pictures and sound. The first practical demonstration was made with a screen of merely 30 lines, by J.L. Baird in England in 1926. Experimental broadcasting was performed in England, 1929-1935, and Germany began regular broadcasts of pictures of 180 lines in 1935. Regular broadcasts commenced in the United States in 1941, and in other countries during the 1950s. Worldwide, there were one million TV receivers in use by 1949, ten million in 1951, and some fifty million in 1959. Television systems today have pictures ranging from 405 to 819 lines, and transmit 25-30 pictures per second. There are roughly four major classes of televisions in use around the world, and the United States broadcasters plan to convert to high-definition TV by the year 2005.
teller : numberer, one who tells or relates. Four tellers in the office of the exchequer, collect monies owed the king, and disburse funds payable on the king’s account.
tellurian : [1846] characteristic of the earth; masculine, of sprout origin. This adjective has been used to describe cultural elements that are patriarchal, centrifugal and spatial. The tellurian stands for rest in boundless space. Cf. paideuma. Opp. chthonial.
Tellus : Earth. Cf. Gæa, Gaia, Ge, terrestrial.
telonari : toll-collectors.[13]
telum : a metaphor for penis.
temo : pole, penis.
temp. : t. : tempore, in the time of.
temperance : temperantia : sobriety, moderation, patience, calmness, dedateness, moderation of passion. Opp. gluttony, drunkenness.
templar : knight-templar.
Templars : the organization charged with heresy, homosexuality, and black magic. Many councils and scholars have tried to investigate the condemnation and dissolution of the Templars, but none have found much evidence to support the wild charges.[14] Michael Baigent theorized that the Templars were the primal moneylenders and usurers of Europe, and therefore were charged with heresy as a pretext for confiscating their vast wealth.
Templars of France : [1307] Philippe the Fair of France ordered all the Knights Templars arrested in October 1307, and tried them for heresy and sodomy. The French arrested perhaps 2,000 Templars, and caused tribunals to form to investigate charges against the Templars in England, Scotland, Ireland, Castile, Aragon, and Germany.[15] It was alleged that the Templars were cohorts of the devil, that they worshipped Muhammad, and that they disparaged the sacraments. The Templars were also accused to sodomizing initiates.
temple : templum : a place reserved for acts of religion.
tempor- : time.
temporary membership : a characteristic of the kindred organized around a parent link or a set of siblings.[16] Opp. lineage, perpetuity.
tempore : temp. : t. : in the time of.
tempter : enticer, one who solicits to ill or evil.
temptress : she who tempts or entices.
tempus : time, season, occasion.
ten- : tain- : tent- : tin- : to hold.
ten. : tenné.
tenancy : tenentia : temporary possession of what belongs to another. Cf. leasehold.
tenant : one who holds of another; one who has the temporary possession and use of property belonging to another, under certain conditions. Cf. leasehold. Opp. landlord.
tenant family : an agrarian family that occupies arable and non-arable parcels of land, and enjoys its leasehold by the payment of annual rents to the manorial lord. Cf. leasehold.
tenant-in-chief : baron.
tench : tinca [Lt] : [Sx] a pond fish.
tend- : tens- : tent- : to stretch, strive.
teneo : to embrace, hold.
tenido su mutuo consentimiento : [Sp] having his mutual consent.
teniente de cura : deputy parish priest.
Tenn. : TN : Tennessee.
tenné : ten. : tawny; an orange tincture often used for abatements, and therefore associated with some disgrace, taint, or demotion. This especially old tincture has fallen into disuse, due to its negative connotations.
tennuis : destitute, poorer than poor; egens, inopis.
tens- : tend- : tent- : to stretch, strive.
tensome : decade.
tent- : tain- : ten- : tin- : to hold.
tent- : tend- : tens- : to stretch, strive.
tentigo : male erection; an erect landica or clitoris. Cf. rigidus.
tenu- : thin.
ter mergitamur : we are thrice dipped (in baptism).[17]
terce : 9 a.m., the third canonical hour; the third of seven daily services of Christian prayer. Cf. canonical hours.
tercentenary, tricentennial : 300 years.
tercius : the third, III.
term of address : a vocative, a kinship term used when speaking directly to the relative it denotes, such as mother. Cf. teknonymy, term of reference.
term of courtesy : a pronominal or postnominal title denoting a person’s social class, or scholastic achievement. Cf. Dr, esquire, gentleman, Mr, Mrs, Ms.
term of endearment : a diminutive or familiar kin term used to express fondness and intimacy, sometimes regardless of blood relationship.
term of honor : a pronominal title used to express respect for a person’s magisterial office, military rank, or ecclesiastical vows. Cf. the Honorable, the Reverend, Sir.
term of reference : a kinship term used when speaking about a relative not present, but rarely used in addressing that relative directly. For example, an uncle rarely addresses his nephew directly by calling him nephew, but he would likely use the term when speaking with others. Cf. aunt, cousin, niece, nephew, term of address, uncle.
termin- : boundary, end.
termination of abeyance : [1926 antea] the ending of a period of disuse of a peerage, followed by the installment of an heir male. Terminations of abeyance were generally halted by recommendations of the Select Committee on Peerages in Abeyance (1926).
terminological level : the analogue of genealogical level. Kinship terminologies seldom differentiate levels of genealogical descent, because doing so would be cumbersome in colloquial speech. Thus, terminological levels tend to be found in reference terms, rather than terms of address. Cf. genealogical level, terminology of reference.
terminological patterns : patterns of kin terms that may sometimes be apparent in a kinship terminology. Societies with positive marriage rules often have prescriptive patterns. For example, an affinal alliance system will sometimes require the male ego to marry his mother’s brother’s daughter (MoBrDa), and such a system will logically have the same kin term for the ego’s mother’s brother and his wife’s father (MoBr=WiFa).[18]
terminology : [1870] kinship terminology, a distinctive set of kinship terms that defines a particular kinship system. The first attempt at a comprehensive taxonomy for anthropology was made by Morgan in 1870, and it divided kinship systems into two terminological categories, namely descriptive terminology (now lineal terminology) and classificatory terminology. The classificatory category has since been divided into three separate categories, namely the generational system, bifurcate merging system, and bifurcate collateral system. Cf. kin terms, lineage, ramage.
terminology of address : a small set of kin terms that the ego normally uses in directly addressing his relatives. Forms of address consist of a relatively small number of terms that categorize relatives, such as uncle and aunt.
terminology of reference : a large set of specific kin terms that the ego needs to use in order to specify individual relatives by their genealogical positions. In English, we tend to use the word cousin as a term of reference, but seldom use it in direct address.
terminus : boundary marker; penis; palus; boundary marker of wood or stone.
terms of address, salutation, and reference : words and phrases customarily used to fully identify, salute, and denote another person, especially a correspondent or superior. Such terms may be further classified by their use in specific social contexts, for usage may be characterized as formal, polite, and informal. Cf. forms of address, salutation, and reference.
tero : frico, sollicito; to masturbate; to kiss.
Terr. : Territory.
Terra : Goddess of the Earth, Isis, Ops. Cf. habuit liberos terras. Opp. Cælum.[19]
terræ-filius : bastard, son of the earth; the name of a satirical orator who acts as a prevaricator at public events at Oxford University. Cf. filius terræ.
terri- : land.
territorial designation : a place name included in the patent of a Viscount, or Baron, or any peer below the rank of Earl. Patents for lords of the lower ranks must always include a territorial designation, or the phrase “of (someplace)” following the peer’s title. If the title already includes a place name as part of the title, this rule results in a double territorial designation. Naturally, peers below the rank of Earl are never associated with the name of a county or a county town, and never associated with towns or cities that have been reserved for higher titles of Dukes, Marquesses, and Earls. Cf. double territorial designation, Scottish titles.
territorial economy : Territorialwirtschaft.[20]
territory : territoriaum : land, country, dominion, district.
Tertiary period : an early division of the Cenozoic era, including the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene epochs. Cf. year 5 million bc, year 65 million bc.
tertiogenitus : third-born.
tertius : third-generation, e.g. ab Iove tertius Ajax.
tesamto: testamento : [Sp contraction] testament.
test : testa [It] : the cupel a refiner uses to try his metals; trial, examination; the means of a trial; the means by which something is compared to prove that it is genuine or true; a discriminative characteristic used to compare someone or something to another.
test : to ascertain the truth, quality, or fitness of something or someone; to bring someone to trial and examination.
Test Act : [1674] the English legislation that required a religious test. Civil servants were required to renounce the doctrine of transubstantiation, and to expressly swear allegiance to Protestantism rather than Roman Catholicism. Those who refused this religious test were banned from public service. James II provided royal dispensations, excusing selected subjects from religious testing, from 1686 to 1689, and therefore the Parliament was shamed into passing the Toleration Act (1689). The U.S. Constitution specifically prohibited religious tests as prerequisites for public service. Cf. Quaker Act, Toleration Act.
test of conformity : testing and comparison by some discriminative quality or characteristic, in order to prove congruence with the tester’s criteria and standards. Conformity connotes political, religious, or social testing, and implies the imposition sexual, racial, or ethnic standards. Cf. antibody tests, drug tests, genetic tests, loyalty tests, political tests, religious tests; oath, pledge; quota.
test of obeisance : an inquiry or examination addressed to a person appointed or elected to public office, and designed to ascertain the nominee’s qualifications; the close scrutiny of a person’s political, religious, or social views to see if he will remain loyal and subservient to the testing authority; an examination of a person’s loyalty to the government or management that seeks to employ him; an investigation aiming to discover any past or present disloyalty or treason in a subject. Cf. oath, pledge of allegiance.
test of performance : testing and comparison by discriminative qualities and characteristics, in order to prove the subject’s skill, ability, or talent; a merit examination used to judge a person’s performance and erudition. Cf. driving test, examination, exercise.
test. : t. : testigo : [Sp] witness.
test. : testament.
testable : [Fr] capable of witnessing, capable of bearing witness; of 21 years of age or older and capable of making a testament.
testament : testamentum : [original meaning] the written and formal declaration of a testator, that he signs and seals before witnesses, showing how his personal property should be divided and distributed among his heirs upon his death. Originally the testament pertained only to personal property, because in most cases a testator was merely a feudal tenant, and therefore had no genuine right to dictate any will respecting his lord’s real property or estate.
testament : testamentum : [present meaning] last will and testament, a document naming the heirs who will succeed to the testator’s ownerhip of real property, and directing the disposal and distribution of his personal possessions. In apprehension of his own demise and death, and in consideration of those heirs who might survive him, a man normally prepares such a document, and sometimes replaces it with a changed testament, or modifies it with a codicil.
testamenta : [Dn] testament.
testamente : [Sw, Nw] testament.
testamento : [It, Sp] testament.
testamentti : [Fi] testament.
testate : the status of having left a valid testament, properly signed and witnessed. Cf. intestate.
testator : one who leaves a will.
testatrix : a woman who leaves a will.
testiculus : the diminutive form of testis.
testimony : testimonium : evidence, proof by witness; profession, open attestation.
testis : witness; a personification of the male organ or its parts.
testo : testis.
testosterone : the human hormone essential to sexual drive in both sexes, but especially potent in shaping the motives of men. Our common cultures attribute to testosterone the qualities of male aggression, male display, and male sexual pursuit. The sexual behavior of a male is fundamentally based upon the ample presence of testosterone, for the absence of testosterone is normally concomitant with a drop in sexual drive.
tetanus : tetanus, cramps, lockjaw.
tetr- : tetra- : [Gk] four.
tetra- : tetr- : [Gk] four.
tetrad : foursome.
Tetragrammaton : JHWH : Robert Graves postulated that the letters of the Tetragrammaton correspond respectively to Commandments V, IV, and I. The initial two letters form the aspirate JH(Jh) ‘Life and the Brightness,’ and together stand for ‘Honour thy father and they mother.’ The letter W ‘Peace’ stands for ‘Observe the Sabbath Day.’ The final letter H ‘Light’ stands for ‘Thou shalt worship me alone.’[21]
tetrarch : tetrarcho : a Roman governor of the fourth part of a province.
tetrarchy : the fourth part of a Roman province.
tetter : scab, scurf, ringworm. Cf. crusted tetter.
Teutonic : the language of the Teutones, or the ancient Germans, that gave rise to the languages German, Danish, Saxon, and Dutch. The term often appears in contradistinction to Gothic.
Tex. : TX : Texas.
Th.Ch. : Θ, Χ : the two letters said to have been invented by Epicharmus of Sicily, or Epicharmus of Syracuse (circa 540 bc-circa 450 vel 443 bc). Some say that he invented instead Psi and Pi (Ψ, Π), letters 23 and 16. Cf. Epicharmus, Ps.Pi.
th’accounte : the account.[22]
th’ands : the hands.[23]
th’use : the use.[24]
thalamus : receptacle, torus. Cf. flower.
Thalli-Yjolta : literally the beating heart of the earth; a Mexican goddess equivalent to Tonantzin. Cf. Tonantzin.
Thames Measurement rule : Cf. tonnage.
thanas- : thanat- : [Gk] death.
thanat- : thanas- : [Gk] death.
thane : an ancient title of honor, equivalent to baron.
thanelands : lands that Saxon kings granted to their thanes.
thaneship : the office and dignity of a thane, the seigniory of a thane.
thatch : [1400 Sx] straw or plant material used to cover a house.
thatching : [1548] thackinge, the labor required to cover a house with thatch. A thatcher was paid 4d per day at Hunstanton in 1548.[25]
the- : [Gk] god.
the- : [Gk] to place, put.
Theban Sacred Band : Sacred Band of Thebes.
thec : theca : [Gk] case.
thee : the oblique singular of thou.
theft : one of the five dragons of crime. Cf. crimes.
theism : deism, acknowledgement of the existence of God. Opp. atheism.
thēlázein : [Gk] fellation, fellatio.
thelydrios : [Gk] effeminate.[26]
Themis : a prophetess. Cf. Fate, Leto, Themis, Hera, Sybil.
Themiscyra : capital of the Amazons.
theo- : [Gk] god, deus.
Theodulf of Orléans : Bishop of Orléans, a noteworthy Carolingian poet, and a member of Alcuin’s Circle. Cf. Alcuin’s Circle.
theogony : the generation of the gods.
theorem : theoreme : [Fr] a position laid down and acknowledged as truth; a proposition to be demonstrated.
theoxeny : the sacred right of hospitality, which was generally respected in all desert cultures. This is believed to have been the original subject of the story of Lot. Cf. mixis athesmos, sarkos eteras.
-therapy : [Gk] treatment of, treatment by.
Theravāda Buddhism : way of the elders; highly orthodox Buddhism typical of Śrī Lanka (Ceylon), Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
therefore : for that; for this reason; for that purpose; consequently.
therm- : [Gk] heat.
thermo- : [Gk] heat, calor, ardor, fervor.
Thermodone and Iris : the two rivers near Thermiscyra.
Thermodontines : Amazons.
Theseus : Cf. amazon-killers.
thilíbein titthón : [Gk] to stimulate the nipples.
thine : the possessive form of the pronoun thou.
third degree : the third step in some set of progressive tortures designed to make a witch confess to witchcraft.
third generation : tríumhadh glúin [Ir]; first cousins.
Third Lateran Council : Cf. Lateran Council.
third marriage : Cf. remarriage.
third sex : an obsolete term for homosexuality, which Kinsey believed was prejudicial and misleading. The expression might still be appropriate in poetry or allusion.
third son : Cf. differences.
Thirteen Kingly Jewels : a cypher alphabet. Cf. B.L.N. alphabet, Book of Ballymote.
Thirteen Precious Things : a cypher alphabet. Cf. B.L.N. alphabet, Book of Ballymote.
Thirteen Wonders of Britain : a cypher alphabet. Cf. B.L.N. alphabet, Book of Ballymote.
tho. : though.
Thomasina : Thomasine, Tamsin.
Thor : the rain god; the storm god, whose day is Thursday, meaning ‘Thor’s day.’ Thursday was purported to occasion homosexual acts among pagan men and women. Cf. Thursday, Uranus.
thorn : þ : th : \th, th\ : [ante 1600, Old En, Middle En] the thorn; a letter equivalent to modern Icelandic Edh or Eth. English has so many instances of the th sound, that scribes and printers were reluctant to drop the convention of using one letter instead of two, so many determined to retain the thorn, by substituting y for þ. Thus, the language acquired the convention of expressing the in its very familiar Renaissance form ye or ye. Ye should and ought to be pronounced as the ordinary definite article the, but readers unschooled in Saxon orthography have commonly misapprehended the word, so we today pronounce the article in the way it appears to be written.
thornback : thornbacke : a sea fish.
Thoth : [Eg] the god symbolized by the white ibis, which looks like a crane. The Egyptians attributed to Thoth the invention of writing, as well as of the calendar, and therefore the Egyptian Thoth is often equated with Mercury. Cf. Mercury.
thrall : slave, one who is in the power of another; bond, subject.
thralldom : slavery, servitude, bondage.
three components of love : three types of woman. Several trinities or triads have been proposed including mesomorphy, endomorphy, and ectomorphy; somatotonia, viscerotonia, and cerebrotonia; philia, storgē, and erōs; gynē, hetaira, and pornē; connubiage, concubinage, and contubernage.[27]
three dimensions of kinship : sex, ramage, and lineage. Some societies add age to this list. Cf. kinship dimensions.
three primal vowels : [Sumerian] A.E.Ō. : a.e.ô.
three types of woman : three components of love.
threesome : triad.
threnody : [Gk] a song of lamentation.
thresher : one who threshes corn.
threshingfloor : the area used for beating corn.
threshold : entrance, gate, door; the ground or step beneath a door.
throat distemper : tonsillitis, diphtheria.[28]
thromb- : [Gk] clot.
throne : thronus : royal seat; the seat of a king, the seat of a bishop.
Thrones : the third highest choir of angles, among nine.
throughbred : thoroughbred; completely educated, taught, or trained.
thundergod : Shango [Macumba].
thundergods: Uranus [Lt], Ouriganos [west Af], Oya.
Thursday : [Dn] the fifth day of the week, dedicated to Thor, son of Odin; the sabbat day of witches; a weeky festival sacred to the rain god Thor. One witch confessed that covens practiced different sexual rites on different days of the week, and that the day for homosexual intercourse was Thursday.[29] Cf. green Thursday, Jueves [Sp], witches of Dauphine.
thy : [Sx] of thee, belonging to three; a possessive form of thou.
thym- : [Gk] mind, strong feeling.
thymine : [1894] a pyrimidine base that serves as one of the four bases that encode genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of DNA. Cf. nucleotide.
thymus : a lymphoid organ in the upper chest cavity where the differentiation of T-cells occurs, and where T-cells learn to recognize antigens. The thymus produces about 30 hormones or thymic factors used to regulate the immune system.
thyrsus : [Gk] stem of a plant; penis; a penis-shaped wand used by maidens in the Baccant festival of Greece; a penis-shaped stalk carried in sacred ceremonies performed exclusively by Greek women. The thyrsus was presumably the heterosexual or lesbian correlative of the fagus, or male firestick.[30] Cf. fagus.
tiá : [Sp] PaSi; aunt.
-tia : -ce : quality, state, condition.
tiá abuela : [Sp] PaPaSi; grandaunt.
Tibetan Buddhism : Vajrayāna Buddhism.
tibicen : piper, fluteplayer.
-tic : -ac : -ic : [Gk] pertaining to.
-tic : -ic : pertaining to.
-tics : -ics : [Gk] art, science, or study of.
tie : a secondary connection or kinship point that arises through some bond of affinity or some consanguineal link. Cf. bond, link, point.
tien-shih : [Ch Han] heavenly teacher; a special title created in the Han dynasty for the direct male descendant and heir of Confucius, or Kung Futsu.[31]
tien-shih : [Ch Tang] heavenly teacher; a special title created in the Tang dynasty for direct male descendant and successor of Chang Taoling.[32]
tierra : [Sp] land.
tiger : tigris : a fierce, leonine beast. Cf. liger, lion, tigon.
tigon : a crossbreed of a tiger and lion. Cf. liger.
tigress : a female tiger.
tila : [Fi] small farm.
tilde : a diacritical mark.
tillage : husbandry, the practice of plowing and cultivation.
tiller : ploughman, husbandman.
tilt : to run in tilts or tournaments; to fight with rapiers.
tilter : one who tilts, one who fights for sport.
Timas : one of Sappho’s young maidens, who died young and unmarried, and was mourned by many young women who cut their hair to symbolize their loss. Timas was transported to ‘Persephone’s dark bedroom.’[33]
time : [Sx] : a space of time; interval; season, proper time; age; past time.
time : Cf. aeon.
time reckoning : the calculation of time and history by means of astronomical time, geological time, archaeological time, regnal dates or political dates, and historical chronologies. Cf. dating, eclipse, radiocarbon dating, radiometric dating.
timeo hominem unius libri : I fear the man of one book.
Times Square kids : teenage boy prostitutes.[34] Cf. patapouf, petits-jésus.
Timotheus : Timothy.
tin : 10th year of marriage; symbol of the tenth wedding anniversary.
tin- : tain- : ten- : tent- : to hold.
tincture : tinctura : a color or taste added; the name for a standard color in heraldry.
tinctures : the seven tinctures used in blazoning an escutcheon, namely or (gold), argent, gules, azure, sable, vert, and purpure.
ting- : tact- : tang- : to touch.
tingslag : [Sw] a subdivision of a judicial district.
tió : [Sp] PaBr; uncle.
-tio : -tionis : -tion : action, the result of action.
tió abuelo : [Sp] PaPaBr; granduncle.
-tion : -tio : tionis : action, the result of action.
tipoldefader : [Dn] FaFaFaFa; great-great-grandfather, second-great-grandfather, grandfather of the 4th degree.
Tipp. : Tipperary, Ireland.
tippoldemor : [Nw] FaFaFaMo; second-great-grandmother.
tipp-tippoldefar : [Nw] FaFaFaFaFa; third-great-grandfather.
tipp-tippoldemor : [Nw] FaFaFaFaMo; third-great-grandmother.
tipp-tipp-tippoldefar : [Nw] PaPaPaPaPaFa; fourth-great-grandfather.
tiptipoldefader : [Dn] FaFaFaFaFa; third-great-grandfather.
tiptiptipoldefader : [Dn] FaFaFaFaFaFa; fourth-great-grandfather.
tireme : [3000 bc-ad 1717] a Roman galley with 3 banks of rowers. Cf. galley.
Tironian shorthand : notæ Tironianæ : [63 bc] Tiro’s marks; notæ iuris, legal notation; a Latin shorthand invented by Marcus Tullius Tiro in the first century bc, and commonly used in Europe during the first millenium. Tiro was a freedman who worked as an amanuensis for Cicero, and his methods for abbreviation led to the development of several styles of medieval shorthand and modern stenography. Cf. Notæ Tironis et Senecæ, stenography, writing.
tit : teat, dug, pap.
tithe : tythe : [Sx] a tenth part; the tenth part of one’s income, dedicated to the maintenance of a church or ministry. Cf. tax.
Tithe applotment books : [Ir] the tithing records of the Church of Ireland, which often named those who occupied the land.
tithing : tything : a small administrative division that survived in some localities of England until the reorganization of 1974. The unit was purportedly based upon a count of ten householders, and perhaps once denoted a tenth of a hundred.
tithingman : the chief of a tithing.
title : titulus : name, appellation; an appellation of honor; a claim of right or ownership.
titles of aliens in Britain : [1930 antea] foreigner residents of England were once permitted to retain and use their continental titles. The Secretary of State for the Home Department advised the Crown to grants licenses for the use of foreign titles.[35]
titles of aliens in Britain : [1930] foreigner titles no longer licensed by the Crown. George V determined in 1930 to issue no more licenses for the use of foreign titles in England.[36]
titles of aliens in Britain : [1932] foreign titles permitted for use in Britain by Royal License. George V issued in 1932 a Royal Warrant that revoked such licenses then in force, except any licenses issued for the life of the holder and his heir apparent. The Crown’s action affected 31 foreign dignities that had been protected by license.[37]
titles of British peerage : titles allowed to devolve by the rules of primogeniture, and by rules of inheritance. British titles are designed to restrict entitlement to a single holder at one time, and to bar heirs presumptive from holding the same.[38] Cf. titles of the Holy Roman Empire.
titles of the Holy Roman Empire : titles allowed to descend or devolve ad infinitum, to all male descendants in the male line. The devolutions of such titles were much wider than devolutions of titles of British peerage, because all the male siblings in one family had the right to hold the same title.[39] Cf. titles of British peerage.
titles of the Italian States : titles allowed to devolve to any male descendant of the original holder. The Italians made titles into optional styles, for the holder himself determined whether to accept or abandon his hereditary title.[40] Cf. titles of the Holy Roman Empire.
titré : [Fr] entitled, titled. This word is used to distinguish someone who formally held a given title, from someone who held the same title either by convention or error. Opp. dit, called, styled.
titre de courtoise : t.d.c. : courtesy title.
tits : [slang] courage, unmitigated gall.
tits : breasts; a vulgar reference to a woman’s breasts.
titular : titulus : nominal; in name only; having or conferring only a title but no power.
titus : dove; penis, a low-class term for mentula.
-tium : -ce : action, the result of action.
-tje : -je : -ke : [Du] the female suffices Dutchmen use to feminize a male name.
Tk : Turkish.
Tlingit shaman : the half-man, half-women; the transgeneral or hermaphroditic child of a woman who has mated with the sun; the sun-child normally born as a woman’s 8th child.
T-lymphocite : T-cell.
tō’ēbah : abomination.
tobacco : a plant the produces leaves for smoking and snuffing.
Tochter : [Gm] Da; daughter.
Todros Abulafia : [1300] a Jewish poet who wrote homosexual poems in Spain. He was one of the last homosexual writers to flourish in Europe, before Christian oppressions caused a long hiatus in gay literature that lasted until the twentieth century.[41]
toevah : a word often used to mean ‘idol.’
toevah : äëÈòBg : [Hb] abomination; something ritually unclean. This word was used to prohibit the eating of pork, sexual intercourse during menstruation, homosexuality, temple prostitution,[42] and idolatry, as well as to characterize the ‘uncleanness’ of Gentiles.[43] Fundamentalist Christians hold that the word toevah offers some divine proscription against homosexuality; but Christians themselves belong to the category of Gentiles, and therefore must needs share this appellation toevah. Thus, the Hebrew concept of ‘abomination’ may be attached equally and uniformly to Gentile Christians, homosexual Levites, and football players who handle a pigskin. Bible readers should note that the use of toevah in Leviticus pertains only to Levite householders having wives and children. Levitical laws often differed from Mosaic laws, and did not always obtain recognition in the other tribes of Israel. The toevah rules nowhere addressed the behaviors of anyone unmarried, childless, or exclusively homosexual, for they were rules governing only the lives of male and heterosexual Levites.
toevah ha-goyim : the uncleanness of the Gentiles.[44]
token : [Sx] sign, mark; a memorial of friendship.
tokens : coins made of copper, lead, tin, and sometimes leather. Tradesmen adopted the custom of exchanging tokens, presumably as credits for trades in kind, and the crown occasionally issued licenses for the manufacture of tokens. Tokens became extremely popular at times when royal currency was scarce.[45]
tolerance : the act or power of enduring.
Toleration Act : [1689] the English law designed to revoke the Test Act (1674), and to provide for official toleration of several religions. Cf. Quaker Act, Test Act.
tollbooth : a custom house or exchange, sometimes used as a prison.
tollbooth : to imprision in a tollbooth.
toll-collectors : telonari.
toller : toll taker, toll gatherer; one who collects tribute or taxes.
tollgatherer : the officer who collects a toll.
tom- : [Gk] to cut.
tom : a slang word for lesbian.
Tomboy : [1300] One of the witches prosecuted in England during the thirteenth century was accused of keeping a spirit or imp in her company, who lived in the body of a grey cat named Tomboy.[46]
tomboy : [1592] a girl of boyish behavior.
tombs : hypogeum, subterranean sepulchres; catacomb, public necropoleis; formæ; arosolium, arched recess; mausoleum; loculus.
tomus : tome, volume; a single volume of a large work consisting of several volumes. The word tome originally described a roll of handwritten parchment, but now commonly refers to a printed and bound volume. Cf. roll.
-tomy : [Gk] surgical operation on.
ton : 100 cubic feet of cargo capacity, supposed to equal roughly 1 ton of weight, or 2,000 pounds, or 252 gallons of wine, or 4 hogsheads of wine.
ton- : -tonus : [Gk] stetching, tension.
ton : tun : tonne, tonneau : [Fr] a measure of weight; the weight of two thousand pounds; a large cask, equal in liquid measure to 4 hogsheads, or 252 gallons; the cubic space in the hold of a ship, supposed to contain one ton.
ton of wine : 4 hogsheads; 252 gallons.
Tonantzin : the ancestress Tonantzin in Mexico. She has been equated to Earthquake Mother Thalli-Yjolta ‘beating heart of the earth,’ or Maize Mother Centectl.
tong : [Ch] a Fighting Men Society; an organization or brotherhood of men, often united for political purposes. Members of such societies tend to emphasize their benevolent goals, but outsiders often condemn the societies as vehicles for organized crime. A tong is radically different from a tang or ‘hall’ of a family association. Cf. tang.
tongue : the human organ that has four receptors for tasting sweet, bitter, salty, and sour food.
tastebuds : vide tongue.
tonnage : [1303] tunnage, a tax on the burthen or burden of a ship importing goods to England. From 1303 to DATE \@ "yyyy" \* MERGEFORMAT 2004, tonnage has served as the key measurement for assessing harbor dues and canal transit tolls. Naturally, the measurement of tonnage also became a critical factor in ship design, merchant trade, and government regulation. Tonnage was the first maritime tax on cargo, and was levied by Edward I in 1303. The word tunnage originally denoted a volumetric tonnage of wine stored in hogsheads. Over time, the meaning of tunnage expanded to include all kinds of commodities, and the spelling was standardized as tonnage. To follow the historical developments in the calculation and taxation of tonnage, separate articles have been appended here, to address different issues and eras in the concept of tonnage.
tonnage : [1582] T=(L*B*D) /100; the volumetric tonnage of a ship, or boat. Mathew Baker, son of James Baker, devised the first rule for the measurement of tonnage.[47]
tonnage : [1501-1595 et antea] T=(L*B*D) /100, traditional tonnage or tunnage. Early Tudor ships were proportionally broad in beam and short in length, and tended to lack speed and maneuverability. In that the early Henrician ships were not so highly evolved, the old tonnage formula seemed to roughly work, because the cargo hold was not so diminished by the ship’s cables and stores. Early Elizabethan men-of-war were so opulent and high-waisted, that the naval officers began to demand improvements in design. The elaborate superstructures were weighty, and the high waists tended to make the ships unstable on rough waves of the open sea. As ship designs continued to change, the old formula for tonnage started to loose its relevance with respect to the calculation of cargo capacity.
tonnage : [1595-1693] T=(L*B*D)/100. Tonnage or tunnage was the volumetric tonnage of a sailing ship
tonnage : [1694-1772] T=(L*B*D)/94; the burden or burthen of a wooden ship, as it was roughly calculated by multiplying the ship’s length (L) in feet by her maximum beam (B), by the depth of her hold (D), and then dividing the product by 94. British law required merchant ships to be marked with two waterlines, one waterline when light in ballast, and one waterline when fully laden. The new law of 1694 also reduced the divisor 100 to 94, so as to better reflect the ship design of that time. This change of the divisor from 100 to 94 was the first modification of the old tonnage formula, and it began the evolution that led to the distinctions of gross tonnage, net tonnage, and deadweight tonnage.
tonnage : displacement tonnage : the weight of the water displaced by a ship, which could be expediently discerned by comparing the upper and lower waterlines painted on the ship’s sides, against the actual waterline. The painted waterline when full indicates the ship’s normal waterline, when the ship is at full capacity
tonnage : deadweight tonnage : dwt. : the total weight of a ship’s contents; a measure of the total contents of a ship, expressed in long tons of 2,240 pounds (1,016 kg). Deadweight tonnage includes all of the cargo, fuel, crew, passengers, food, and potable water. The deadweight does not account for any boiler water added to the hull, because quantities of boiler water are heavy, and eventually deplete. A variable as large as the weight of boiler water would tend to make the subject of tonnage too complex for toll collectors and tax agents. As variables such as ballast and boiler water were not accounted for in the deadweight-tonnage formula, the government required that lines be painted on the hulls of ships, to show the two waterlines, the waterline when the vessel is empty, and when it is full.
tonnage : [1773] gross tonnage, calculated by taking the traditional burthen of a ship (L*B*D/100), and modifying the formula to made adjustments for the sleeker Elizabethan designs under Sir John Hawkins (B*3/5), and the shortening of the depth (B*1/2).
tonnage : [1773- DATE \@ "yyyy" \* MERGEFORMAT 2004] the gross tonnage of a ship; the combined tonnage of the underdeck capacity (T =((L-(B*3/5))*B*(B*½)) /94), plus the tonnage carried on the upperdeck.
tonnage : [1773] the gross tonnage of a ship’s hull, carried underdeck, in the cargo hold and tween-decks; T =((L-(B*3/5))*B*(B*½)) /94; the gross tonnage of underdeck cargo; B.O.M., Builders Old Measurement; the actual volumetric capacity of the hull of a bluff-bowed, full-bodied, sailing ship built of timber. The B.O.M. gross tonnage included the cubic footage of all the crew quarters, ship’s stores, fuel bunkers, and machinery, and therefore must be reduced by this cubic area to find the net tonnage. Gross tonnage of capacity, burden, or burthen, of a shipwas expressed in volumetric tons of 100 cubic feet. Cf. ship proportions.
tonnage : [1773] net tonnage; the cargo capacity of a wooden sailing ship. Net tonnage is what remains after the ship’s operating spaces are subtracted from its gross tonnage. Cf. tonnage.
tonnage : [1855] =((L-B)*B*(B*1/2))/94; T.M.; Thames Measurement rule, a new formula for the calculation of the tonnage of yachts. The Thames Measurement rule was based on the older Builders Old Measurement (B.O.M.).
tonnage : [ante 1694] =(L*B*D)/100; the burthen of a wooden ship, as was roughly calculated by multiplying the ship’s length in feet (L), by her maximum beam in feet (B), by the depth of her hold below the main deck (D), and then dividing the product by 100. E.g., 24 feet x 10 feet x 8 feet =1,920; 1,920 /100 =19.2 tons.
tonnage : displacement tonnage; the actual weight of a warship, measured in tons by the volume of water it displaces. Displacement tonnage is the standard by which warships are quoted.
tonnage : tunnage : [1347] 2s per ton; 3s per ton; a tax initially set at 2s per ton of wine, and later escalated to 3s per ton. The tax was imposed with the consent of the merchants, because it paid for the use of warships to protect merchant convoys.[48] Cf. poundage.
tonnage : tunnage : a custom or impost due for the import or export a commodity measured in tons.
tonnage and poundage : tunnage and poundage.
tonnage of merchant ships : gross tonnage, or deadweight tonnage.
tonnage of warships : displacement tonnage.
tonnage of yachts : Thames Measurement rule.
tonsor : barber, one who cuts hair.
tonsure : the cutting of hair. Sappho’s maids all cut their hair as a token of mourning for Timas, who died young. Cf. mourning.
-tonus : ton- : [Gk] stetching, tension.
top- : [Gk] place.
topography : [Gk] a description of particular places.
-tor : -sor : -er : doer, agent, the one who.
tornado : a concentrated whirlwind caused by a sudden convergence cool and warm masses of air. Tornados are common in ‘tornado alley’ or the midwestern provinces and states of Canada and the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, where arctic air often collides with warm air from the Gulf of Mexico. The magnitudes of destructive force are ranked in six degrees from F0 to F5. The tornado force called F5 moves the air at speeds ranging from 260 to 318 mph, and has the potential to sweep clean all the debris from a damaged structure.
torqu- : tort- : to twist.
tort- : torqu- : to twist.
tortillera : [Sp] she who makes tortillas. In Cuba, this rôle suggests tribadism, for it signifies two tortillas rubbing together, as women might frig together in sexual embrace.[49]
torture : the sadistic abuse of another’s body, to provoke a confession, or inflict punishment for a crime. The standard methods of torture in England were the rack, the strappado, pillory, and stocks. Cf. -baiting, bearbaiting, draw and quarter, oubliette.
torture by castration : [ad 527] Justianian ordered the torture and castration of homosexuals in 527 ad, the same year he expanded his empire to include the Eastern Roman Empire.
torus : receptacle, thalamus. Cf. flower.
Tory : [En] savage, robber; a conservative politician who adheres strictly to monarchy and episcopacy, but rejects democracy and reformation. Opp. Whig.
total length : the overall length of a sailing sheet, including the forward beakhead and the stern-post. The total length was far longer that the simple length, or the length used to calculate the ship’s tonnage.
totem : [Ojibwa] a native ensign, a unilineal emblem; an emblem often selected from nature, which is used to name a unilineal descent group;[50] a symbol for the mythical ancestor or ancestress of a unilineage, which is often some dimensional representation of a beast or nonhuman figure, a plant, or a natural phenomenon, such as thunder or lightning. Cf. taboo.
totemism : the identification of an individual or human group with a natural species or feature of nature. A concept often associated with kinship.
toupee : toupet : [Fr] natural or artificial hair used to dress a balding forehead.
town : a group of houses forming a settlement larger in population than a hamlet or village, but smaller than a city or borough.
town economy : Stadtwirtschaft [Gm].[51]
towncrier : a town officer charged with making proclamations.
townland : [Ir] a subdivision of a parish.[52]
townland : [Ir] an urban settlement, usually constituting the smallest division of rural land within a civil parish in Ireland. A typical townland embraces some 300 acres.[53]
township : [En] a cohesion of neighbors living in a vill or town, or around a manor.
township : tp. : twp. : [Am] a geographical subdivision of a county, normally based upon the regular square grids that standardize most of the land divisions in the U.S.
townsman : an inhabitant of a place, one of the same town.
tox- : [Gk] poison.
toxicity : the quality of being poisonous or harmful; the noxious side effects of a drug.
toxico- : [Gk] poison, venenum.
tp. : township.
tr : perhaps an abbreviation of trouver ‘find, discover.’
tr. : trans. : translated, translation.
Tr. Pl. : Tribunus plebis : plebeian Tribune.
tra- : across, over.
tract- : to drag, draw.
tract book : a register or catalog of land parcels arranged by range and township, and showing the respective owners of each parcel of land. Such a register was used to regulate the allocations of public land and land transfers by private owners. Cf. district land office, plat book.
tracto : to work the penis in masturbation.
trade : a casual sexual partner; the object in a one-night stand; a temporary sexual partner who is rough and brutish, and seems to have no interest in expressing affection or tenderness. Cf. rough trade.
trade : tratta : [It] commerce; the exchange of goods for other goods or for payment in money. The word trade once denoted domestic commerce, whereas traffic denoted international exhange. Opp. traffic.
tradition : accounts delivered from mouth to mouth without any written memorials; communication from age to age; old custom, traditional practice.
traditus est in manus regis : he surrendered to the king’s forces.[54]
traffic : commerce, merchandising, the exchange of commodities. The word once especially referred to international trade. Opp. trade.
tragedy : tragoidia : [Gk] goatsong; a sad and lamentable circumstance, compared to the sacrifice of a goat (tragos). Opp. comedy.
tragoidia : [Gk] song of the goat, tragedy. Opp. komos.
tragos : [Gk] goat. Cf. tragoidia.
trans- : across, over.
trans- : through, dia- [Gk].
transaction : negotiation, management, affairs; a dealing between two parties.
trans-Atlantic crossings : Cf. voyage.
transcribe : to copy verbatim by writing; to expand notes and abbreviations into fully explicit sentences for presentation to others.
transcriber : copier.
transcript : a faithful written copy of something written or printed elsewhere; a true representation of the verbal testamony a court recorder has personally overheard and noted.
transcriptase : [1968] a polymerase that facilitates the transcription of genetic information from a DNA molecule to a messenger RNA. Cf. reverse transcriptase, transcription.
transcription : the act of copying; the process by which a DNA molecule serves as a template in the creation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) for the transfer of genetic information. Cf. translation.
transculture : a culture in transition, changing its norms. Cf. culture, metaculture, subculture, supraculture.
transgendered : the quality of having changed one’s gender rôle.
transgeneral : [proposed] someone preparing to alter his or her sexuality by cross dressing and assuming an opposite gender rôle. Society at large does not use the term ‘transgeneral,’ but the word seems parallel to ‘transsexual’ and is therefore less awkward to use than the past participle ‘transgendered.’
translation : the process by which a messenger RNA (mRNA) serves as a template in the synthesis of a protein molecule at a ribosomal site. Cf. transcription.
translatitious : transported; transported from a foreign land; taken from others.
translative : transposed, taken from others; transported from a foreign land. Cf. genealogical adjectives.
transmarine : transmarinus : beyond the sea, lying abroad; lying on the other side of the ocean.
transmigration : passage from one place or country to another.
transmigrator : one who migrates from one place to another; emigrant, immigrant.
transom : transtrum : a bar of wood or stone that runs athwart a window.
transplantation of animal organs and cells into humans : xenotransplantation.
transportation : carriage, conveyance; banishment for a felony.
transportation, Liverpool to New York : [1877] An emigrant with a contract ticket had to pay 4, 5, or 6 guineas, for passage to New York in 1877.[55] Cf. contract ticket.
transported : Cf. translatitious.
transpositive person : a person erroneously assigned where he probably does not belong, someone whose identity has been misjudged and whose line of descent is probably incorrect. In order to assume that a subject has been transposed to someplace he does not belong, the theorist needs to postulate or determine the subject’s proper place in the descendancy. Thus, the term transpositive implies at least two identities: the subject’s supposed proper identity, and his supposedly mistaken identity. Transpositive might also entail several proposed identities, arrayed by order of probability. Cf. genealogical adjectives.
transsexual : [1966] a person who desires to belong to the opposite sex and might consider surgery to alter his or her sex organs, or a person at any stage of gender and sex transformation.
transsexualism : Cf. allassein [Gk].
transsexuality : [1949] a sex change, or the desire to belong to the opposite sex. Transsexuality was originally used as a synonym for homosexuality, but Kinsey believed that this original use was prejudical and misleading. Today, transsexuality specifically denotes transgeneral behaviors, and often implies the contemplation or accomplishment of a surgical sex change.
transsubstantiation : the Roman Catholic belief that the elements of the eucharist change into the real body and blood of Christ.
transvestism : [ad 744] The Synod of Septinnes condemned the pagan practice of men cross-dressing as women during pagan feasts, in ad 744. Cf. drag, good women, head-overturning ceremony, pili-pili [Sumer].
transvestite : [1922] someone who adopts the dress and behavior of the opposite sex, either privately, or for public display or performance.[56] A transvestite might have no interest in permanently changing his or her gender and sex.
transvestites of both sexes : twlinna ek [Klamath].
travel by railroad : [1877] An immigrant traveling from New York to Chicago could expect to spend some 56 hours riding the train in 1877.[57]
travesti-double rôle : boys playing girls pretending to be boys. This rôle playing was typical of Elizabethan and Shakespearean plays.[58]
travesty : [Gk] caricature; a stage act of cross-dressing wherein a boy depicts a girl, or a girl impersonating a boy. Cf. tragos, travesti-double rôle.
tre : tref : [We] town.
treadwheel : [1801-1900] a punishment wherein the victim is forced climb the steps of a wheel. The treadwheel was a sentence for both men and women.[59]
treas. : treasurer.
treason : high treason, an offense against the security of the commonwealth or the majesty of the king, by word, deed, or immagination; one of the five dragons of crime. Cf. crimes.
treason : petit treason, a capital offense committed locally or domestically, as when a wife kills her husband, a servant kills his master, or a layman or cleric kills his prelate.
treason : trahison : [Fr] an offense committed against the dignity and majesty of the commonweath. All forms of treason have long been regarded as a capital crimes.
treasurer : chamberlain, keeper of the treasury; ærarius, camerarius, cubicularius.
treasury : camera [Lt] : tresorerie [Fr] : a place for the accumulation of riches.
Tree of Life : an ancient motif often found carved on stone. Typically the Tree of Life is represented by a square block with a small round axis in the middle, and four spiral circles placed in each of the four corners. The four spirals are believed to represent the boughs of a tree, four serpents coiled, or the queens of the four winds, lying in repose.[60]
tree worship : dendrology.
treen : wooden dishes
tref : tre : [We] town.
trembles : milk sickness.
trencher : a rectangular or circular piece of wood upon which food is served or carved.
Trenovantum : London.
trespass quare clausum fregit (... qu. cl. fr.) : trespass wherefore he broke the close.
trespasser : offender, transgressor; one who unlawfully enters upon another’s ground.
trespassing in forests : violating the boundaries and rules of royal forests. Cf. forest, quare.[61]
tri- : [Gk] three.
tri- : three.
triad : [Gk] threesome.
trial docket : a register of causes to be tried at court. A calendar judge uses such a register to schedule hearings and trials.
trial marriage : a temporary marriage contingent upon the progeneration of children. Cf. handfasting, marriage and children.
triangle : delta, an ancient symbol for homosexual liaisons. Cf. delta, pink triangle.
triangle : pubic triangle. Cf. delta.
tribadic : relating to tribadism.
tribadism : the rubbing of a woman’s pudenda with one’s thigh as a means to sexual arousal. This is a common sexual act between lesbians. Grahn associated the word with tribe, and suggested that the practice would have by typical of fireside gatherings. Cf. Daath, frig, intercrural intercourse, Nephesh.
Tribas : Sappho.
tribas : the title of a tribadic woman. Cf. queer, Quirites, tribadism.
tribe : [Gk] the act of rubbing.[62] Cf. clan, Quirites.
tribe : tribus : a third part of the Roman people, the Ramnes, Tities, or Luceres; a body of people made distinct by family or fortune or some other characteristic. The word has often been used to express contempt.
tribus rusticæ : country tribe.
tribus urbanæ : city tribe.
tributi : taxes.
Tribuum Liber : Book of Tribes.[63]
trick : sex for one night, one-night stand.
trick : trekken : [Du] to symbolize with letters the tinctures of a coat-of-arms.
trickster : a special god who exhibits many transgeneral traits, and may sometimes appear in hermaphroditic form. Cf. berdache, koshari [Laguna], Hermes.
tricksters female : Afrikete [west Af] Baubo [Gk, north Af], Uzume [Jp].[64]
tricksters male : Coyote [native Am], Elegba [west Af], Eshu [west Af], Hermes [Gk], Loki [Nordic].
triduan : triduum : lasting three days; happening every third day.
triennial : 3 years.
trigamist : one who practices trigamy.
trigamus : trigamist.
trigamy : [Gk] the state of having married three times in succession; the polygamous state of having three husbands or wives at the same time.
trilathon : a stone structure consisting of two vertical pillars surmounted by a lateral lintel. The name trilathon denotes the massive stone monuments at Stonehenge, where the pillars weigh approximately 21 tons each, and the lintel weights about 9 tons.
trinepos : SoSoSoSoSoSo; great-great-great-great-grandson.
trineptis : SoSoSoSoSoDa; great-great-great-great-granddaughter.
trinity : Capitoline trinity, brought by the Orphics to Rome. The heavenly bodies Sun, Moon, and Venus represented two males and one female. Juno (Ishtar) stood for physical nature, and idealized in the vision of the sparkling morning star, or evening star, Venus. Juppiter was the solar principle, standing for impregnation, animation, and patrism. Minerva stood for female wisdom, the lunar influence that permeates all that lives on earth. When translated into Christian symbology, Juno equates to Jesus the Son, Juppiter stands for God the Father, and Minerva is transsexed, as the male Holy Ghost. Thus, the triad of Roman archetypes represented fatherhood, motherhood, and the all-important son. Christians similarly emphasized the son, the Redeemer, but made the triad exclusively male.[65] Cf. Diana the Huntress.
Trinity time : around the time of Trinity Sunday. E.g., Trinite t’me Ao. xvmo., 15 Hen VIII, 1524/5/22 Trinity Sunday, Calendar 13FrCB.[66]
triplet : one of three babies born of a multiple birth. Every 1 of 26 triplets suffers from cerebral palsy. The chances that a triplet will die within the first year are perhaps 25 times greater than the chances a singleton will die. Cf. singleton.
triplets : three children born at one birth. This type of multiple birth is extremely rare.[67]
triptych : a tablet of three hinged panels, the outer two of which close upon the main panel. The panels are typically decorated with religious scenes to make a portable shrine. Cf. diptych.
Tristam and Iseult : Sir Tristam of Lyonesse and his love Isolde or Iseult, the wife of King Mark. His mother experienced many hardships, and therefore named her son after the Latin tristis meaning ‘sorrowful.’
Tristan und Isolde : [1200] This was an epic poem left unfinished by Eilhard von Oberge, which became the basis for two other poems written before 1300. Another poem was that by Gottfried von Strassburg.
trit- : to rub, wear.
tritamita : [theoretical] FaFaFaFaFaSi; great-great-great-great-grandaunt.
tritavia : PaPaPaPaPaMo; great-great-great-great-grandmother.
tritavus : FaFaFaFaFaFa; great-great-great-great-grandfather, fourth-great-grandfather, grandfather in the 6th degree; great-grandfather’s great-grandfather.
tritheism : [Gk] the religious belief in three distinct gods. Such a hierarchy is typical of Hinduism, which regards Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva as a holy triad. Cf. trinity.
tritpatruus : [theoretical] great-great-great-great-granduncle.
tríumhadh glúin : [Ir] first cousins; literally the third generation; an Irish expression used to designate first cousins, or the third generation of three generations, including the apical ancestor, his children, and his grandchildren.[68] To an Irish countryman, his first cousins are his ‘friends.’ Cf. tá siad i n-ó amháin.
triumphator : victor.
triumvirate : triumviratus : a coalition or concurrence of three men.
trivium : grammar, rhetoric, and logic; the arts comprising the lower division of the seven liberal arts taught in medieval universities. Cf. quadrivium.
tRNA : transfer RNA : [1961] a relatively small RNA that transfers a particular amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. Cf. mRNA.
Trobriand-type marriage : patrilateral cross-cousin marriage.
troglodyte : [Gk] one who inhabits caves.
Troilus and Cressida : [1369] Hu & Wi; a Trojan couple invented in the middle ages. Chaucer wrote his poem about 1369, basing it upon Boccaccio’s Filostrato. Dekker and Chettle wrote a play by the same name in 1599, based on Chaucer. Shakespeare’s tragedy, first performed in 1600, seems to have been based on an older version of the story.
trollop : slattern, a woman loosely dressed.
trolovede : [Dn] betrothed, engaged.
troop : company, a number of people collected together; a body of soldiers; a small band of cavalry.
trooper : a horse soldier who fights only on horseback.
trop- : [Gk] to turn.
troph- : [Gk] to nourish, grow.
tropical year : Cf. year, sub 150 bc.
trothplight : the act of betrothing or plighting one’s troth.
troubadors : Ph & Er; a pair of men who traveled and sang together. The troubadors specialized in cultivating adulatory relationships with Dames and Ladies living in towers, and therefore their loves and devotions were directed at impossible lovers, or women who were already married, and having no liberty or capacity for any extramarital affairs. Uranians believe that the troubadors were shamanistic tricksters, who paired themselves with men posing as women. Some historical accounts tell us that troubadours directed their songs to captive males, as when Blondel the Minstrel communicated with Richard I Lionheart, over the walls of the dungeon that held him. Cf. Richard I Lionheart and Blondel the Minstrel.
troubadour : a poet in Provence in ancient times.
Troubadour : the first troubadour William, Count of Poitou.
trouvère : troubadour.
Troy : [1230 bc] The Fall of Troy followed the 10-year Siege of Troy, 1241-1230 bc, and has been variously dated between 1335 bc and 1149 bc. In the nineteenth century, most scholars accepted the date Eratosthenes reported, 1183 bc. In the twentieth century, archeologists have dated the Fall of Troy somewhat earlier, in 1230 bc. The proposed year-dates have been, before the Christ, 1335, 1270, 1260, 1230, 1209, 1183, 1171, 1169, 1149 bc.
trucidatio : butchering, murder, slaughter, massacre.
trucidatus : butchered, massacred in a savage and wholesale manner.
truckage: trafficking by exchange.
trucker : one who traffics by exchange.
trud- : trus- : to push, thrust.
trueborn : having a right by birth to any title.
truebred : of a right breed.
trueloveknot : lines drawn through one another as a knot to symbolize interwomen affection.
trumpet : a phallic symbol. The trumpet beckoned the bull Dionysos to emerge from the procreative waves of the sea. The trumpets of war provoked Achilles to abandon his female disguise.[69]
trumps : the 22 cards of the Major Arcana in a deck of Tarot cards.
truncheon : club, cudgel, a short staff; a staff symbolizing command.
truncheoneer : one armed with a truncheon.
trundle bed : [1542] truckle bed; a low bed usually mounted on casters, which could be rolled beneath a higher bed when not in use. Cf. bed, bundling, family bed.
Trung sisters: the legendary Vietnamese heroines who fought the Chinese.
trus- : trud- : to push, thrust.
trussed : tied.
trustee : a person entrusted to keep or administer something. The word typically signifies a fiduciary charged with preserving and enhancing a fund or estate on behalf of a minor child, or an absent or infirm owner.
trydydd hendaid : [We] SoSoSoSoSo; third-great-grandfather.
tsecat : a Manghabei shaman or medicine man on Madagascar.[70]
Tsu Tang : [Ch] Hall of Ancestor Veneration. Cf. Chia Pu, Family Association.
tu : [Fr] the informal form of the second person, traditionally used by parents when addressing their children. Today, children sometimes use this form when addressing their parents, but tradition once required children to use the formal vous instead.
tuber : swelling.
-tude : -tudo : -tudinis : quality, state, condition.
-tudo : -tudinis : -tude : quality, state, condition.
Tuesday : third day of the week. Cf. Martes [Sp].
Tugen : [Ir] Chief Poet, who was permitted to wear an embroidered mantle of office in ancient Ireland.[71] Cf. ollave.
tuilles : tegula [Lt] : tuile [Fr]: plates suspended from the tassets in a suit of armor.
tulku : a lama purported to be the reïncarnation of his predecessor. Cf. succession by reïncarnation.
tumescent phase : a phase of transformation in the genitals of a female ape marked by pink swelling and signaling a willingness to mate. Human females exhibit no such visible changes, but it seems that their permanently enlarged breasts may serve a similar function, by demonstrating to males both their sex and their fecundity.
tumor : swelling.
tumularis et incineraris : covered with a mound and incinerated.[72]
tumulo : to entomb, bury, inter.
tumult : tumultus : a multitude in wild commotion; riot, irregular violence.
tun : tonne, tonneau : [Fr] ton.
tundo : futuo.
tunnage : tonnage.
tunnage and poundage : [1373] the two taxes regularly authorized by Parliament.
tuomiokunta : [Fi] a judicial circuit or district.
Turanians : the Mongolian or Ural-Altaic people. F. Max Müller proposed that mankind is divisible into three great races, namely the Turanians, Semites, and Aryans. Cf. Aryans, Chinese kinship, Semites.
turb- : to disturb.
turbot : turbutt : [Fr] a delicate fish. The family le Strange bought a turbutt for 2s 4d in 1519.[73]
turbutt : turbot.
turmae : squadrons
turncoat : renegade, one who betrays his party or principles.
Turner syndrome : the phenomenon of a female having only one X chromosome instead of two. A study of females with the Turner syndrome has suggested that the X chromosomes must carry the gene for sociability.
turnpike : a gate that obstructs the way.
turpitudo : to engage in the turpitude of some sexual misdemeanor.
Turquoise Boy : Ashon nutli’, a name that gave rise to the office of nadle; Turquoise Hermaphrodite. Cf. Navajo creation story.
Turquoise Hermaphrodite : Turquoise Boy.
turret : turris : a little tower, a small protrusion that towers above the rest of a building.
turris : lofty inner keep.
Turstanus : Thurstan.
tursus : vulger form of thyrsus.
turtur : penis, a low-class term for mentula.
tussis : cough, whooping cough.
Tutankhamen : [1343-1325 bc] Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, the son-in-law of Akhenaton, whom he succeeded. He became pharaoh at about the age of 9 and ruled until his death at about the age of 18.
tutela : guardianship of a ward, tutelage, protection, charge. This was a term of guardianship that lasted until 12 or 14 years, or puberty. The term that followed it, from 12 or 14 years to 25 years was called cura. Cf. cura.
tutelage: guardianship, the state of being under a guardian.
tutor : watcher, protector, guardian of a woman or minor; one placed in charge of another’s learning and morals. Sir Richard Base was probably a priest who served as tutor to the children of Sir Thomas.[74]
tutorage : the authority of a tutor.
tutoress : tutrix : instructress, governess, directress.
tutrice : [It] guardian.
TV: television.
Tvl. : Transvaal, South Africa.
Twelfthtide : twelth tyde : [1520/1/1-7] the 12th day after Christmas, otherwise called Epiphany on 6 January.
twin : one of a pair of children born at the same birth. Cf. Siamese twins.
twin-born : born at the same birth.
twinless twin : the surviving twin who has lost his or her twin brother or sister. Twinless twins oftimes claim some psychic connection with their dead and disembodied twins.
twins : Br & Br, Br & Si, Si & Si; fraternal twins, twins from separate ova, non-identical twins, dizygotic twins; two babies of the same birth, enclosed in two placentas during gestation; twins born in separate sacks. Because fraternal twins are engendered and born simultaneously from the same batches of genes, they tend to have many more genetic similarities with one another than brothers and sisters born at different times. If a common trait is shared by fraternal twins at a greater frequency than by ordinary siblings, then we are able to deductively reason that the trait in question is a genetic trait, and not something realized through behavioral conditioning or environment alone. A mother of fraternal twins delivered them in week 40, some four weeks longer than a normal gestation.
twins : Br & Br, Br & Si, Si & Si; identical twins, twins from the same ovum, sharing identical genetic data from both the maternal and paternal sides, non-fraternal twins, monozygotic twins. If the incidence of a common trait occurs more frequently among identical twins, we can be fairly certain that the trait is passed from individual to individual genetically.
twins: Cf. winkte [Oglala].
twins : Gemini, a sign of the zodiac.
twins : Si=Wi & Br=Hu; the incestuous couple Isis and Osiris, in Egypt.
twins born of a frozen egg, later fertilized and implanted : [1997] twins born of a surrogate mother; a pair of twin siblings engendered by an implanted egg. A twin birth in October 1997 proved that it was possible to implant a single frozen egg in a woman’s womb, and then fertilize the same for the surrogate birth of identical twins. Cf. twins born of frozen embryos implanted.
twins born of frozen eggs, later fertilized : [1997] identical twins born of a single frozen egg that is fertilized after thawing; a pair of twin siblings engendered from one fertilized egg, first frozen for preservation, and then implanted in the womb of a surrogate mother.
twins born of frozen embryos, later implanted : [ante 1997] a pair of identical siblings engendered by an embryo preserved by freezing. Prior to 1997, a woman could ensure preservation of her egg only by having it fertilized, frozen, thawed, and then implanted in a womb. Scientists perfected a method of freezing unfertilized eggs in 1997. Cf. twins born of an egg implanted.
twlinna ek : [Klamath] a shaman either male or female.
twn. : town.
two and two in blood relationship : a dó a’s a dó I ngaol : [Ir] first cousins.
two queens of Egypt : the two Nubian queens seated at Napata and Thebes. Cf. matriarchies, Nubia.
two queens of the Amazons : the two queens of the Thermodontines; the two queens who controlled the Amazons, namely the administratress of Amazonia Proper, and the defender of the Marches of Amazonia. Cf. Hippolyte, Oreithyia.
twosome : dyad.
twp. : township.
-ty : -tas : -tatis : quality, state, condition.
tyfus : typhus fever.[75]
tying the thumbs : [1714] using whipcord to bind the thumbs and press them, so as to inflict pain. Torturing the thumbs in this way was an effective method for extracting confessions and pleas. This was a Tudor invention, very painful, and it persisted in common use until the reign of Queen Anne (1702-1714).[76]
tympanum : the semicircular or triangular space, above a square door and beneath a decorative arch. The feature is typical of Norman architecture, and the space is usually decorated with sculpture.[77]
typ- : [Gk] stamp, model.
type : kin type.
types : sexual types ranging between heterosexual and homosexual, such as Don Juan type (0), Caesar type (1), Pioneer type (2), Dorian type (5), Finnochio type (6). Hart Crane types like sailors. Cf. rainbow.
typhus fever : putrid fever : ship fever : a contagious disease which fleas or lice transmit to man through their bites.
typocosmy : a representation of the world.
typography : typographia : the art of printing; emblematical, figurative, or hieroglyphical representation.
typology : kin typology. Opp. genealogical numbering.
tyrannicide : the act of killing a tyrant; one who kills a tyrant.
tyrannicides : tyrannoktonoi, Harmodius and Aristogeiton.
tyranny : tyrannis : absolute monarchy; cruel and unresisted power; severity, rigor, inclemency.
tyrant : tyrannus : oppressor; a cruel despot and severe master; an absolute monarch who governs imperiously.
Tyrrel : the longtime companion and lover of William II Rufus. He was held to have been the sacrificial killer of William II.
tytär : [Fi] daughter.
tythe : tithe : a tenth part.
tything : tithing.
tyttärenpoika : [Fi] DaSo; grandson, daughter’s son.
tyttärenpojanpoika : [Fi] DaSoSo; great-grandson, daughter’s son’s son.
tyttärenpojantyär : [Fi] DaSoDa; great-granddaughter, daughter’s son’s daughter.
tyttärentytär : [Fi] DaDa; granddaughter, daughter’s daughter.
tyttärentyttärenpoika : [Fi] DaDaSo; great-grandson, daughter’s daughter’s son.
tyttö : [Fi] girl.
[1] According to Duald Mac Firbis, bard of the O’Briens. Roderick O’Flaherty, Ogygia. Graves 1948, edition 1966: 116-117.
[5] Hocart 1937. Schusky 1972: 17.
[12] Lévi-Strauss 1967: 348-349.
[17] Tertullian. HL: 336.
[20] Webber, edited by Parsons, 1947: 224.
[21] Graves 1948, edition 1966: 471.
[22] Graves 1948, edition 1966: 471.
[23] A favorite expression of Thomas Raghet. Gurney, 561.5.
[24] A favorite expression of Thomas Raghet. Gurney, 561.5.
[35] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[36] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[37] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[38] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[39] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[40] Debrett’s Peerage, 1990.
[42] 1 Kings, 14.24. Boswell 1980: 100.
[43] 2 Kings, 16.3. Boswell 1980: 100.
[44] 2 Kings, 16.3. Boswell 1980: 100.
[49] Grahn 1990: 106-107.
[51] Webber, edited by Parsons, 1947: 224.
[52] Brian de Breffny 1982: 191.
[53] William L. Strong 1996.
[55] Scribner’s Monthly, 1877/9: 14.5. EGH 1997/9-10: 14.
[57] Scribner’s Monthly, 1877/9: 14.5. EGH 1997/9-10: 18.
[58] Eglinton 1964: 317-318.
[59] Chronicles of Newgate, 66.1.
[60] The Goddess Remembered, KQED, 1997.
[65] Graves 1948, edition 1966: 463.
[66] Gurney 1833: 463.4, No. 6k.
[67] There is only one example in Extraneus, in Scotland in 1768. For triplet daughters, see James Strang and Janet Amos, GLAS.
[70] Evans. Grahn 1990: 119.
[71] Graves 1948, edition 1966: 457.
[74] Gurney 1833: 468.14.x.
[76] Chronicles of Newgate, 66.
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Extraneus: Volume I-C - Book V - Strange of Eastern America Extraneus: Volume II - Le Strange of Anglia and Eire (Books VI, VII, & VIII) 
